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Development of an efficient and environmentally friendly oil spill dispersant and optimization of application conditions based on wave groove

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DescriptionThe use of oil spill dispersant is one of the most effective ways to deal with oil spill at present. However, the toxicity of existing oil spill dispersants limits their use. In order to develop efficient and environmentally friendly oil spill dispersant, three kinds of sorbitan esters low-toxicity non-ionic surfactants were used as raw materials to obtain an efficient oil spill dispersant formula by uniform design method. The effects of oil spill dispersants on emulsification and dispersion of high density and medium density crude in Bohai Sea were simulated by wave tank experiment. The results showed that the compound ratio of three sorbitan esters and the solvent diethylene glycol monobutyl ether was 13.55:26.20:10.25:50.00, the highest emulsification rate of QHD32-6 crude oil is reaching 60.34%. The LC50 value of acute toxicity to zebrafish in 96h is 2181.06mg/L, and the BOD/COD value is 34.10%, meeting the national standard. In the wave tank simulation experiment, the emulsification rate of crude oil decreases with the increase of crude oil weathering degree (or density). The emulsification rate of the oil spill dispersant for the three kinds of crude oil is the highest when the temperature is 15-20℃, and the median particle size of oil droplets is the minimum at this temperature. Increasing or decreasing temperature will increase the median particle size of oil droplets and reduce the emulsification rate. In the range of 0-31 salinity, the emulsification performance of oil spill dispersants and the median particle size has little effect on the increase of salinity.

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